Jakub Nowosad • 12/15/2025

Elephant(s) in the room: Graph neural networks, embeddings, and foundation models in spatial data science

This article summarizes a presentation on three key deep learning concepts in spatial data science: Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for modeling spatial relationships, embeddings for compressing geospatial data, and foundation models pre-trained on Earth observation data. It discusses specific models like AlphaEarth and TabPFN, their applications (e.g., landform classification, change detection), and includes reproducible R code examples.

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#Deep Learning #Foundation Models #Embeddings